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english-civil-war

English Civil War

The Battles
First English Civil War
1642 Siege of Hull In January 1642 Sir John Hotham was ordered by Parliament to seize Hull. This was at once carried out by his son John, who became the Military Governor of Hull.  
1642 Battle of Powick Bridge It was a victory for the Royalists led by Prince Rupert of the Rhine who overthrew the Parliamentary cavalry led by Colonel Nathaniel Fiennes.  
1642 Battle of Edgehill Was the first pitched battle with inconclusive result of the battle prevented either faction gaining a quick victory in the war.  
1642 Battle of Aylesbury Royalist forces, under the command of Prince Rupert engaged Aylesbury's Parliamentarian garrison, at Holman's Bridge a few miles to the north of Aylesbury town. The Parliamentarian forces were victorious, despite being heavily outnumbered. In 1818 remains were discovered near to Holman's Bridge, outside Aylesbury, which were believed to belong to the fatalities from the battle. They were buried in a common grave in St Mary's churchyard in Hardwick.
1642 Battle of Brentford Royalist cavalry defeats Roundheads, but have to retreat later.  
1642 Battle of Turnham Green On the battlefield, the engagement resulted in a standoff between the Royalist army of King Charles I and the much larger Parliamentarian army under the command of the Earl of Essex, the Parliamentarians gained an important strategic victory.  
1643 Battle of Braddock Down An apparently easy victory for the Royalists under Sir Ralph Hopton secured Cornwall for King Charles and confirmed Hopton's reputation.  
1643 Battle of Hopton Heath Between Parliamentarian forces led by Sir John Gell, 1st Baronet and Sir William Brereton and a Royalist force under Spencer Compton, 2nd Earl of Northampton. Both side claimed victory  
1643 Battle of Seacroft Moor Was a decisive loss for the Parliamentary forces under the command of Sir Thomas Fairfax  
1643 Battle of Camp Hill A Royalist victory under the command of Prince Rupert.  
1643 Battle of Stratton The resulting victory for Sir Ralph Hopton confirmed Royalist control of Cornwall and destroyed Parliament's field army in Devon.  
1643 Battle of Chalgrove Field It was a minor Royalist victory and is notable for the mortal wounding of Parliamentarian Colonel John Hampden, who died six days later of his wounds.  
1643 Battle of Adwalton Moor Royalists beat Roundheads near York Parts of the battle site are protected as "green belt" or other types of open space. It is the only battlefield recognised by Bradford Metropolitan District Council as falling within its boundaries. There are plaques interpreting the battlefield for the visitor.
1643 Battle of Lansdowne Royalists led by Lord Hopton and Roundheads led by Sir William Waller tie near Bath. The site of the battle is marked by a monument to Sir Bevil Grenville, who died after the battle in Cold Ashton Rectory.
1643 Battle of Roundway Down A Royalist cavalry force under Lord Wilmot won a crushing victory over the Parliamentarians under Sir William Waller who were besieging Devizes in central Wiltshire, which was defended by Lord Hopton. The "village" of Roundway is today a small hamlet 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) north of central Devizes, with a population of around 25 residents.
1643 Storming of Bristol The Cavalier (Royalist) army under Prince Rupert of the Rhine, King Charles's nephew and Lieutenant General, captured the important city and port of Bristol from its weakened Roundhead (Parliamentarian) garrison.  
1643 Battle of Gainsborough Lord Willoughby of Parham captured Gainsborough in Lincolnshire for Parliament Roundheads from the Earl of Kingston in a night attack.  
1643 Siege of Hull (2nd) The Earl of Newcastle in 1643 was a victory for Parliament at the high point of the Royalist campaign.  
1643 Battle of Winceby Decisive Parliamentarian victory under the command of Earl of Manchester, Oliver Cromwell  
1643 Siege of Reading Royalist garrison surrendered under the command of Sir Arthur Aston & King Charles I & Prince Rupert  
1643 Battle of Gloucester Between the defending Parliamentarian garrison of Gloucester and the besieging army of King Charles I. The siege ended with the arrival of a relieving Parliamentarian army under the Earl of Essex.  
1643 1st Battle of Newbury Roundheads under the Earl of Essex save London from Royalists under King Charles I  
1643 Battle of Alton Decisive Parliamentary victory under the command of William Waller. Bullet holes from the battle are still visible in St Lawrences Church, England today.
1644 Battle of Cheriton Was an important Parliamentarian victory of a Royalist army, which threw King Charles I onto the defensive for the remainder of the year.  
1644 Battle of Newark Was a Royalist personal victory for Prince Rupert of the Rhine, and it resulted in the Royalists holding Newark-on-Trent until very near the end of the War.  
1644 Siege of York Decisive Parliamentarian Victory  
1644 Bolton Massacre It is alleged that up to 1,600 of Bolton's defenders and citizens were slaughtered during and after its storm and capture by the Royalist forces under Prince Rupert of the Rhine. Sometimes recorded as the Storming of Bolton
1644 Battle of Copredy Bridge Between a Parliamentarian army under Sir William Waller and the Royalist army of King Charles, ending in a Royalist victory.  
1644 Battle of Marston Moor Oliver Cromwell Roundheads defeat king Charles I of England's Cavaliers securing the North for the Puritans.  
1644 Battle of Lostwithiel Royalists surround Roundheads west of Plymouth  
1644 2nd Battle of Newbury The combined armies of Parliament inflicted a tactical defeat on the Royalists, but failed to gain any strategic advantage.  
1645 Battle of Naseby the main army of King Charles I was destroyed by the Parliamentarian New Model Army under Sir Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell. There is a Battle of Naseby monument, near the Parliamentarians' position.
1645 Battle of Langport The Parliamentarians destroyed the last Royalist field army, and ultimately gave Parliament control of the West of England, which had hitherto been a major source of manpower, raw materials and imports for the Royalists.  
1645 Battle of Rowton Heath It resulted in a decisive Parliamentarian victory over a Royalist army commanded in person by King Charles.  
1646 Battle of Torrington A Parliament victory led by Sir Thomas Fairfax against Royalists led by Sir Ralph Hopton, 1st Baron Hopton The anniversary of the battle is remembered in February each year, with a torch-lit procession and re-enactment.
1646 Battle of Stow-on-the-Wold Parliamentarian victory for Sir William Brereton & Colonel Thomas Morgan In St. Edward's Church there is a monument to Sir Hastings Keyte, who was a Royalist Captain killed in the battle, aged 23.
1646 Siege of Oxford Was a Parliamentarian victory under the command of Sir William Brereton.  
Second English Civil War
1648 Battle of St Fagans A detachment from the New Model Army defeated an army of former Parliamentarian soldiers who had rebelled and were now fighting against Parliament.  
1648 Battle of Maidstone The Royalist forces attacked the parliamentary troops, the battle resulted in a parliamentary victory for Thomas Fairfax. A re-enactment of the battle by members of the Sealed Knot took place in the town centre on 1 June 2008, to commemorate the battle's 360th anniversary.
1648 Siege of Pembroke Parliamentarian victory for Oliver Cromwell.  
1648 Siege of Colchester Parliamentary victory for Thomas Fairfax.  
1648 Battle of Preston Resulted in a victory by the troops of Oliver Cromwell over the Royalists and Scots commanded by Hamilton.  
Third English Civil War
1651 Battle of Warrington Between the invading Royalist Scottish army of Charles II and Parliamentary forces under the command of Major-General John Lambert. A Royalist victory.  
1651 Battle of Wigan Lane Between Royalists under the command of the Earl of Derby and elements of the New Model Army under the command of Colonel Robert Lilburne. The Royalists were defeated, losing nearly half their officers and men.  
1651 Battle of Worcester Oliver Cromwell and the Parliamentarians defeated the Royalist, predominantly Scottish, forces of King Charles II.  
1655 Battle of the Severn Commonwealth victory under the command of William Fuller Following the battle, Providence changed its name to Annapolis in 1694.
Quick Facts
Major Battles Edgehill (1642), Marston Moor (1644), Naseby (1645) and Battle of Worcester (1651)
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
The English Civil War took place between 1642 and 1651 and was largely fought between Royalists and forces opposed to King Charles' kingdoms such as the Parliamentarians. The conflict started in 1642 when Charles raised an army against the wishes of Parliament to fight a rebellion in Ireland.