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channel-tunnel

Channel Tunnel

The project to design and build the new tunnel has received widespread plaudits with one such organisation the 'American Society of Civil Engineers' calling it 'one of the seven wonders of the modern world'. The tunnel itself is 31.4 miles long and features twin rail tunnels with a diameter of 25ft. It provides a rail link from Folkestone to Coquelles in France. The tunnel was opened in 1994 after construction was originally begun in 1987 with the 2 sides meeting each other in 1990. The 23.5 mile stretch under the Channel is the longest stretch of tunnel in the world that is actually beneath water. The tunnel is 250ft deep at its lowest point. Eurostar are the the company which run the trains from London to Paris and Brussels. The final costs of the tunnel were continually being rounded up and reached a figure of 8 billion pounds in 1995.

The tunnel was first seriously thought about way back in 1802 but British concerns over security issues prevented it ever getting off the ground. The next 70 years saw frequent proposals and ideas put forward and in 1875 the Channel Tunnel Company began preliminary trials.
Channel Tunnel Timeline
1751 Engineer Nicolas Desmarets suggests the idea of digging a tunnel under the English Channel.
1802 Napoleon Bonaparte backed a scheme for a tunnel under the Channel for horse-drawn carriages.
1880 Colonel Ernest Beaumont makes first serious attempt to build tunnel. Britain later stops project on defence grounds.
1955 British government lifts ban on Channel Tunnel.
1994 Queen Elizabeth and French President Francois Mitterrand formally open the Channel Tunnel.
1994 Commercial operation started.
1996 A fire destroys a Eurotunnel freight shuttle and severely damages a section of tunnel injuring 34 people.
2007 High Speed Link 1 opened (linking London to the tunnel)
Channel Tunnel Quick Facts
Start of Digging The digging of the tunnel began in Decmeber 1987.
Service Tunnel Acts as a 'safe haven' is maintained at a higher pressure to keep it smoke-free.
Eurotunnel Locomotives Amongst the most powerful in the world
Tunnels The two main tunnels are 25 ft in diameter and there are cross passages every 375 metres to link them to the service tunnel.
Concrete The concrete used in the tunnel is the strongest in the world and is twice as strong as concrete used in Nuclear Power Plants.
Spoil Over 20 million tonnes of spoil were removed from the tunnel and created some 73 acres of new chalk grassland in Kent.
Building Project The project used over 15,000 workers who produced 170 Million 'man hours' working on the project.
Travelling Time The actual travel time under the tunnel is around 35 minutes.